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Independence of Brazil

-On September 7, 1822 the country of Brazil announced its independence and was freed from Portuguese colonialism. Since then, September 7th has been registered as the National Day in Brazil.
Semi-immigrant ethnicities were living in Brazil from about 10,000 years ago. With the arrival of the Portuguese in this country in the 15th century,Brazil became a colony. They brought slaves from other parts of South America.Eventually, most of the slaves coming to Brazil were from Africa.
During the Portuguese dominance, several rebellions outspread, the most important of which being in the late 18th century. In 1808 when Napoleon came to power and occupied European countries one after another, Portugal was occupied and its King John VI along with the royal family fled to Brazil and settled in Rio de Janeiro. Following Napoleon’s defeat, John VI returned to Portugal and left his son as his viceroy in Brazil. In 1820 a liberal revolt took place in Portugal, seeking a constitutional government. This had a profound effect on the status of Brazil. The reformers in Portugal demanded that the king return to rule from Lisbon. John VI agreed, leaving his son Pedro as regent of Brazil. The Portuguese legislature then tried to return Brazil to its status as a colony, ordering Pedro to return to Europe as well. Responding to pressure from Brazilians, Pedro refused and declared Brazil independent in September 1822, in a statement known as the Grito de Ipiranga, in which he called for “Independence or Death.” The following year he became emperor of Brazil as Pedro I. The political system of the new empire was solidified in the Constitution of 1824, which created a limited constitutional monarchy, with an elected chamber of deputies and a hereditary senate. His rule was the most durable empire of South America in the new century. He stepped aside in 1804 and his son Pedro II took power. He was a progressive and intellectual ruler who banned the entry of black slaves. The complete revocation of slavery in 1888, leading to the freedom of 700,000 blacks and the emersion of a republican movement, expedited his fall. Therefore in 1891 the monarchy was overthrown and the United States of Brazil was established.   

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